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2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions | Ramana Sri IAS
Ramana Sri IAS - 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions

2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions

Ramana Sri IAS provides complete and updated solutions for the 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II. Aspirants preparing for the IFoS Mains Examination with Mathematics as their optional subject should solve all these questions carefully before the mains examination.

Ramana Sri IAS presents complete solutions for Indian Forest Service Examination 2023 Mathematics Optional Paper II. Each answer follows the same format: Question, Diagram where needed, Concept Related to the Question, Detailed Solution, and Final Answer.

About 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions

These 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions are prepared by Ramana Sri IAS for aspirants who want question-wise clarity before the IFoS Mains examination. This public page gives one full sample solution, while the complete paper-wise solutions are available in the full PYQ course.

Students can use these 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions to understand the expected answer-writing method, diagram presentation, concept application, and final-answer format used by Ramana Sri IAS.

For the official examination source, students may also refer to the UPSC previous year question papers page.

These 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions are useful for revision, answer-writing practice, and understanding the step-by-step method expected in the IFoS Mathematics optional paper.

Sample Full Solution

We are giving one question from 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions as a free sample solution below: Question 1(d). This free sample includes all five sections: Question, Diagram, Concept Related to the Question, Detailed Solution, and Final Answer. Complete 2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions for all questions are available in the full PYQ course. To purchase the full solution, please fill out the admission form first. Our Ramana Sri IAS admission team will guide you through WhatsApp, email, or call.

Question 1(a)

Group Theory – Cyclic Groups

1Question

Prove that a subgroup of a cyclic group is cyclic. Let \(G\) be a cyclic group with generator \(a\). If the order of \(G\) is infinite, then prove that \(G\) is isomorphic to \((\mathbb Z,+)\).

2Diagram

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

3Concept Related to the Question

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

Question 1(b)

Extrema of Functions of Two Variables

1Question

Find the relative extrema of the function \(f(x,y)=4y^3+x^2-12y^2-36y+2\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 1(c)

Uniform Continuity

1Question

Prove that in the interval \(0\lt x\lt1\), the function \(f(x)=x^2\) is uniformly continuous while \(f(x)=\frac1x\) is not uniformly continuous.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 1(d)

Linear Programming – Basic Feasible Solution

1Question

Prove that \(x_1=2,x_2=1,x_3=0\) is a feasible solution to the following set of equations:

\(2x_1-x_2+3x_3=3\), \(-6x_1+3x_2+7x_3=-9\).

Is the solution basic? Justify your answer. If the solution is not basic, reduce it to a basic feasible one.

2Diagram

Question 1(d): Basic Feasible Solution in Linear Programming
2023 IFoS Maths Optional Paper II Solutions diagram showing the feasible solution x1 equals 2, x2 equals 1, x3 equals 0, coefficient columns, basic-solution test, and reduction idea.

3Concept Related to the Question

This question belongs to Linear Programming – Basic Feasible Solution. The solution uses the standard method: write the relevant theorem or formula, substitute the given data carefully, and simplify step by step.

4Detailed Solution

Substituting \((2,1,0)\) gives \(2(2)-1+3(0)=3\) and \(-6(2)+3(1)+7(0)=-9\), so the point is feasible.

The positive variables are \(x_1\) and \(x_2\). Their coefficient columns are \((2,-6)^T\) and \((-1,3)^T\), which are linearly dependent. Hence the feasible solution is not basic. From the equations, \(16x_3=0\), so \(x_3=0\). Then \(2x_1-x_2=3\). Taking \(x_2=0\) gives \(x_1=\frac32\).

5Final Answer

The point is feasible but not basic. A reduced basic feasible solution is \(\left(\frac32,0,0\right)\).

Question 1(e)

Bilinear Transformation

1Question

Find a bilinear transformation which maps the points \(z=0,-i,-1\) into \(w=i,1,0\) respectively.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 2(a)

Cayley Theorem and Symmetric Group

1Question

(i) Prove that every group is isomorphic to a group of permutations.

(ii) Let \(A=\{1,2,3\}\) and let \(S_3\) denote the symmetric group on \(3\) elements. Then is \(S_3\) an abelian or non-abelian group?

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 2(b)

Multiple Integrals and Improper Integrals

1Question

(i) Find the volume of the region above the \(xy\)-plane bounded by the paraboloid \(z=x^2+y^2\) and the cylinder \(x^2+y^2=a^2\).

(ii) Prove that \(\displaystyle \lim_{M\to\infty}\int_0^M\frac{dx}{x^4+4}=\frac\pi8\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 2(c)

Taylor and Laurent Series

1Question

(i) Let \(f(z)=\ln(1+z)\). Expand \(f(z)\) in a Taylor series about \(z=0\). Determine the region of convergence of the series.

(ii) Find Laurent series about the indicated singularity for the function \(\displaystyle \frac{e^z}{(z-1)^2}\), where \(z=1\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 3(a)

Series of Functions

1Question

(i) Prove that if \(u_n(x),\;n=1,2,3,\ldots\) are continuous in \([a,b]\) and if \(\sum u_n(x)\) converges uniformly to the sum \(S(x)\) in \([a,b]\), then \(S(x)\) is continuous in \([a,b]\).

(ii) Prove that an absolutely convergent series is convergent. Show that \(1-\frac12+\frac13-\frac14+\cdots\) is conditionally convergent.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

Question 3(b)

Group Theory – Normal Subgroups and Second Isomorphism

1Question

(i) If \(N\) is a normal subgroup of a group \(G\) and if \(H\) is any subgroup of \(G\), then prove that \(H\vee N=HN=NH\), where \(H\vee N\) denotes the join of \(H\) and \(N\).

(ii) State the Second Isomorphism Theorem of groups and apply it to the case \(G=\mathbb Z\times\mathbb Z\times\mathbb Z\), \(H=\mathbb Z\times\mathbb Z\times\{0\}\) and \(N=\{0\}\times\mathbb Z\times\mathbb Z\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

Question 3(c)

Linear Programming – Duality

1Question

Consider the LPP:

Minimize \(Z=10x_1+2x_2\)

subject to \(x_1+2x_2+2x_3\ge1\), \(x_1-2x_3\ge-1\), \(x_1-x_2+3x_3\ge3\), and \(x_i\ge0,\;i=1,2,3\). Solve the dual of the above LPP and find the minimum value of \(Z\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 4(a)

Complex Integration – Cauchy Formula and Residues

1Question

(i) State and prove Cauchy's integral formula. Thus evaluate \(\displaystyle \int_C\frac{\cos z}{z-\pi}\,dz\), where \(C\) is the circle \(|z-1|=3\).

(ii) State the Residue Theorem and apply it to evaluate \(\displaystyle \int_C\frac{e^z}{(z-1)(z+3)^2}\,dz\), where \(C\) is given by \(|z|=\frac32\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 4(b)

Unique Factorization and Euclidean Domain

1Question

Prove that the integral domain \(\mathbb Z\) is a Unique Factorization Domain and a Euclidean Domain.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 4(c)

Assignment Problem

1Question

Five workers perform five jobs and the operating cost is given below, but there is a restriction that the worker \(C\) cannot perform the third job and \(B\) cannot perform the fifth job. Find the optimal assignment and the optimal assignment cost.

Worker / JobIIIIIIIVV
A2429183219
B17263422Not allowed
C2716Not allowed1725
D2218283024
E2816312427

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Question 5(a)

Analytical Mechanics – Central Force

1Question

Consider a particle of mass \(m\) moving in a plane under attractive force \(\frac{k}{r^2}\) directed towards the origin, where \(k\gt0\). Using the polar coordinates \((r,\theta)\), write the corresponding Lagrangian and obtain the equations of motion. Also show that the angular momentum is conserved.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

4Detailed Solution

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

5Final Answer

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Complete diagrams, concepts, detailed solutions and final answers for all questions are available in the full PYQ course.

Question 5(b)

Interpolation Error

1Question

A function \(f\), defined on \([0,1]\), is such that \(f(0)=0\), \(f\left(\frac12\right)=-1\), \(f(1)=0\). Find the quadratic polynomial \(p(x)\) which agrees with \(f(x)\) for \(x=0,\frac12,1\). If \(\left|\frac{d^3f}{dx^3}\right|\le1\) for \(0\le x\le1\), show that \(|f(x)-p(x)|\le\frac1{12}\) for \(0\le x\le1\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 5(c)

Boolean Algebra and Logic Circuits

1Question

Draw the logic circuit which realizes the Boolean function \(L=(A+B)(A+C)+C(A+B\cdot C)\) and simplify it. Draw the simplified circuit also.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 5(d)

Fluid Dynamics – Sources and Sinks

1Question

In a two-dimensional flow there are sources at \((a,0)\), \((-a,0)\) and sinks at \((0,a)\), \((0,-a)\), all are of equal strength. Determine the stream function and show that the circle through these four points is a streamline.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 5(e)

Linear PDE with Constant Coefficients

1Question

Solve \(u_{xx}+\frac{10}{3}u_{xy}+u_{yy}=-\sin(x+y)\).

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 6(a)

First-Order PDE – Characteristics

1Question

Find the solution of \(u_x-u u_y+u=0\) for the initial values \(x_0(s)=0\), \(y_0(s)=s\), \(u_0(s)=-2s\). Does the solution break down for any finite \(x\)? Is the solution unique?

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 6(b)

Regula-Falsi Method

1Question

Find a root of the equation \(\sin x+\cos x=1\), lying in \((0,2)\), by Regula-Falsi method, correct up to four significant digits.

2Diagram

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3Concept Related to the Question

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4Detailed Solution

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5Final Answer

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Question 6(c)

Hamiltonian Mechanics

1Question

For a dynamical system having two degrees of freedom, the Lagrangian is given by \(\displaystyle L=\frac m2(a^2\dot q_1^{\,2}+\dot q_2^{\,2})-\frac k2(a^2+q_2^2)\), where \(q_1\) and \(q_2\) are generalized coordinates. Find the corresponding Hamiltonian and derive the Hamiltonian equations of motion. Show further that the generalized momentum corresponding to \(q_1\) is constant. Show that the system exhibits a simple harmonic motion with respect to the generalized coordinate \(q_2\).

2Diagram

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Question 7(a)

Wave Equation

1Question

Solve \(u_{tt}-u_{xx}=0\), \(0\lt x\lt2,\;t\gt0\), with \(u(0,t)=u(2,t)=0\), \(u(x,0)=\sin^3\frac{\pi x}{2}\), and \(u_t(x,0)=0\).

2Diagram

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Question 7(b)

Runge-Kutta Method

1Question

Write down the flow-chart of Runge-Kutta method of fourth order to find \(y(0.8)\) for \(\frac{dy}{dx}=xy\), \(y(0)=2\), taking \(h=0.2\). Also solve the above IVP to find \(y(0.4)\) by Runge-Kutta method of fourth order.

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Question 7(c)

Navier-Stokes Flow and Stream Function

1Question

Consider two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations of a steady fluid flow. Show that there exists a stream function \(\Psi(x,y)\) for such a flow. Find the equation satisfied by \(\Psi(x,y)\).

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Question 8(a)

PDE Compatibility and Complete Integral

1Question

Show that \(f(x,y,z,p,q)=x^2p^2+y^2q^2-4=0\) and \(g(x,y,z,p,q)=qy-a=0\), where \(a\) is a constant, are compatible and hence solve \(f(x,y,z,p,q)=0\). Is it complete integral?

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Question 8(b)

Gauss-Seidel Method

1Question

State the sufficient condition for convergence of the Gauss-Seidel iteration method and solve the following system of equations by using this method:

\(6.7x_1+1.1x_2+2.2x_3=20.5\), \(2.1x_1-1.5x_2+8.4x_3=28.8\), \(3.1x_1+9.4x_2-1.5x_3=22.9\), correct up to \(3\)-significant digits.

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Question 8(c)

Doublet and Circle Theorem

1Question

There is a doublet at \((c,0)\) in a two-dimensional flow. A cylinder of radius \(a\), \(a\lt c\), with \(z\)-axis as axis of the cylinder was introduced into the flow. Find the complex potential and image system for the flow.

2Diagram

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